Skip to main content
CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY © 2026 Inkwell Finance, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This document is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice, nor an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security or other financial instrument. Any examples, structures, or flows described here are design intent only and may change.
Plenty of venues call themselves private. Almost all of them encrypt the order, the balance, or nothing at all. Only Dagon encrypts the match itself — the order, the price discovery, and the crossing — with the operator holding no key by design. This page maps the field on five axes that hold regardless of asset class. Every cell was checked against primary sources (project docs, whitepapers, audits, reputable press) as of June 2026.
Several venues here publish no whitepaper or third-party audit — GoDark, Confidex and Darklake among them. Their “hidden / private” properties are vendor claims, marked as such below. Dagon’s own production privacy is not live: today’s devnet runs a mock executor with plaintext ingress (why). The matrix describes Dagon’s design; production privacy activates on the Encrypt threshold network.

The matrix

VenuePrivacy techWhat’s encryptedOperator can read your order?Price set privately?Status
DagonFHEThe match itself (order, price, crossing)No — by designYes — found while encryptedDevnet; Encrypt mainnet next
RenegadeMPC + ZKOrders, sizes, balances (off-chain)Partly — its relayer can; none if self-hostedNo — pegged to Binance midpointLive (Arbitrum 2024; Base later)
PenumbraZK (Groth16)Order amount, direction, identityNo — sees only the net flowPartly — net flow & clearing price publicMainnet 2024; low volume; Labs winding down
ConfidexMPC (Arcium); ZK for complianceSize, entry, liquidation, PnL — not collateral, side, leverage or marketPartly — those fields are publicPartly — entry hidden; mark is a public Pyth oracleDevnet (hackathon, unaudited)
DarklakeZK (Groth16) + Arcium MPCSlippage, size, price limits — pre-trade onlyPartly — hidden pre-trade, revealed afterNo — an AMM; pool price is publicLive AMM; acquired by SOL Strategies 2026
Arcium + UmbraMPC compute (MXE) + ZKBalances, transfers, swap intent — not the matchNo — encrypted computen/a — a wallet, not a matching venueLive — mainnet alpha Feb 2026
GoDarkZK + off-chain nodesOrder details, from its nodes (claimed)Claims no — unaudited, no whitepaperNo — order book + lit-venue pricingLive institutional; Solana DEX early access
Enclave MarketsTEE (Intel SGX)The order (inside the enclave)No* — trust the SGX hardware, not cryptographyNo — mid-match vs an oracle midpointPaused (withdrawals only)
SFOXNone (hidden book)Nothing — the operator runs itYesNo — routes to external venuesLive since 2020
HumidiFiNoneNothing — “dark” by UX only; trades are publicYes — the operator is the market makerNoLive — top Solana DEX by volume
How to read “Operator can read your order?”No means the venue operator cannot read your order even if fully malicious (a cryptographic guarantee). No* means it relies on trusting hardware (a TEE). Claims no means asserted but unaudited. Partly means some fields leak or some operating modes expose the order. Yes means a trusted operator sees it.

By venue

Renegade — On-chain crossing network (SPDZ MPC + collaborative Bulletproofs). Your delegated relayer reads your order in plaintext; self-hosting avoids that. Fills peg to the Binance midpoint (off-chain price reporter, not an on-chain oracle). Live on Arbitrum since Sept 2024, later Base; no disclosed volume. Penumbra — Shielded Cosmos app-chain with a sealed-bid batch DEX (ZSwap, Groth16). Validators decrypt only the aggregate net flow per block, so individual orders stay hidden — but the clearing price and net flow are public. Mainnet since 2024; Penumbra Labs is winding down (community-maintained). Confidex — Confidential Solana DEX (spot + perps) built on Arcium MPC; ZK is used only for an optional compliance proof. Encrypts position economics but leaves side, leverage, market, collateral, and wallet public, and prices off a public Pyth oracle. Devnet hackathon build, unaudited. Darklake — Anti-MEV “zkAMM” (Groth16, branded Zyga; Arcium MPC for post-trade state). Hides slippage/size/limits only during the commit window, revealed after settlement. It’s an AMM, so the pool price is public. Acquired by SOL Strategies (April 2026); perps are POC-only; no TVL data. Arcium + Umbra — Arcium is confidential-compute infrastructure (MXE: MPC + FHE + ZK); Umbra is the privacy wallet on it (shielded transfers + encrypted swaps). Encrypts balances and intent, not a match — it has no matching engine or private price discovery. Mainnet alpha since Feb 2026. (Note: the widely-cited “$155M” is an October 2025 ICO raise, not TVL.) GoDark — Two products: an institutional off-chain dark pool (live, Oct 2025, backed by Copper + GSR) and an announced Solana ZK DEX (early access). Both claim ZK matching where even their nodes can’t see orders — but there is no whitepaper or audit to verify it, and price discovery runs off an order book with lit-venue best-price checks. Enclave Markets — TEE-based encrypted exchange (Intel SGX + remote attestation). Privacy is a hardware-trust model, not cryptographic; price is a mid-match against an external oracle midpoint. Currently paused (withdrawals only) as of June 2026. SFOX — Institutional prime broker with a centralized, trusted-operator hidden book. No cryptographic privacy: hidden from other traders, not from SFOX. Routes across external venues for best price. KYC’d, FinCEN-registered. Live since 2020. HumidiFi — Solana’s volume-leading “dark AMM.” “Dark” by branding only: it’s a single-LP proprietary prop AMM with off-chain quoting and fully public on-chain trades — the operator is the market maker and sees all flow. Zero cryptographic privacy; included as the category’s contrast case.

What’s excluded, and why

  • Privacy layers (Railgun, Hinkal, Panther) shield transactions and route into public DEXs — they have no matching engine of their own, so they are not dark pools.
  • No TVL column — figures across this category are unreliable and frequently conflated with token raises. Omitted rather than misstated.

The one-line thesis

Everyone else encrypts something — the order, the balance, or nothing. Dagon encrypts the matching mechanism itself, and is the only venue where price discovery is confidential while the venue remains auditable via selective disclosure. That is a construction that does not exist elsewhere — a moat in the mechanism, not the calendar.